Breath analyzer, system, and computer program for authenticating, preserving, and presenting breath analysis data

ABSTRACT

A breath analyzer, a system, and a computer program for administering a breath analysis to a donor and recording a breath analysis result. Embodiments of the invention authenticate that the breath analysis was performed correctly, preserves the breath analysis results by communicating with other devices, and presents the breath analysis results by superimposing them on recorded video data. The breath analyzer includes a breath receptor for receiving a breath sample from the donor, an analyzing element for determining a breath analysis result, a communications element for sending information indicative of the breath analysis result to a recording device manager, and a housing for securing the components in a handheld device. The system comprises the breath analyzer, a recording device manager for synchronizing the recordings, and at least one ancillary camera for recording the breath analysis.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

This is a continuation application of U.S. patent application Ser. No.14/517,160, filed Oct. 17, 2014; which is a continuation-in-partapplication of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/967,151, filed Aug.14, 2013, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,253,452, the disclosures of which arehereby incorporated by reference in their entirety into the presentapplication.

Embodiments and/or features of the invention described in the presentdocument may be used with the subject matter disclosed in commonlyassigned U.S. Pat. No. 8,781,292, filed Sep. 27, 2013, issued Jul. 15,2014, and entitled “COMPUTER PROGRAM, METHOD, AND SYSTEM FOR MANAGINGMULTIPLE DATA RECORDING DEVICES” (“the '292 Patent”), which is acontinuation application of the '151 Application. The '292 Patent ishereby incorporated by reference in its entirety into the presentapplication.

Embodiments and/or features of the invention described in the presentdocument may be used with the subject matter disclosed in commonlyassigned U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/040,329, filed Sep. 27,2013, and entitled “PORTABLE VIDEO AND IMAGING SYSTEM” (“the '329Application”); and commonly assigned U.S. patent application Ser. No.14/040,006, filed Sep. 27, 2013, and entitled “MOBILE VIDEO AND IMAGINGSYSTEM” (“the '006 Application”). The '329 Application and the '006Application are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety intothe present application.

Further, embodiments and/or features of the invention described in thepresent document may be used with the subject matter disclosed incommonly assigned and concurrently filed U.S. patent application Ser.No. 14/517,226 filed Oct. 17, 2014, and entitled “DUAL LENS CAMERAUNIT,” and with concurrently filed and commonly assigned U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 14/517,368 filed Oct. 17, 2014, and entitled“FORENSIC VIDEO RECORDING WITH PRESENCE DETECTION.” Each of theconcurrently filed patent applications is also a continuation-in-part ofthe '151 Application. The concurrently filed patent applications arehereby incorporated by reference in their entirety into the presentapplication.

BACKGROUND 1. Field

Embodiments of the invention relate to breath analyzing devices. Morespecifically, embodiments of the invention relate to the authenticationof a breath analysis, the preservation of the breath analysis result,and the presentation of the breath analysis result.

2. Related Art

Breath analysis devices, commonly known as Breathalyzers® andIntoxilyzers®, estimate the amount of a chemical substance, such asalcohol, in a breath sample. Breath analysis devices do not directlymeasure blood alcohol content or concentration in the blood but insteadestimate the blood alcohol content or concentration by measuring theamount of alcohol found in a breath sample from a donor. Breath analysisresults are used as evidence in criminal and civil cases.Authenticating, preserving, and presenting the results is thereforeimportant for purposes of establishing criminal activity.

Breath analysis devices of the prior art present numerous drawbacks.First, there is no authentication of the donor (i.e., the individualproviding the breath sample), how the breath analysis was performed, andwhich administrator (e.g., a law enforcement officer) performed thebreath analysis. The only verification of these can be based upon humantestimony and independent videos or photographs taken by theadministrator. Second, breath analysis devices present the result onlyon a display of the device. This requires the administrator to clearlyread, recall, and record the displayed result. For example, theadministrator may write the result in his notes or take a photograph ofthe device showing the result. Both of these methods require additionalwork by the administrator and record the result in disparate locationsthat could become lost or destroyed. Third, breath analysis devices ofthe prior art do not present the results in a manner easily displayed ina courtroom. Typically, the administrator testifies to the result of thebreath analysis or presents photographs of the device displaying thebreath analysis result. Both of these are prone to human error and canraise doubt in the judge or jury.

SUMMARY

Embodiments of the invention solve the above-mentioned problems byproviding a breath analyzer, system, and computer program forauthenticating, preserving, and presenting the results of a breathanalysis. First, embodiments of the invention authenticate that thebreath analysis was performed correctly by integrating video from atleast one ancillary video camera and/or an integral video camera on thebreath analyzer with the breath analysis result. Embodiments may alsoauthenticate which administrator performed the breath analysis by aproximity tag system in the breath analyzer and/or a recording devicemanager. Second, embodiments of the invention preserve the results ofthe breath analysis by communicating the results to the recording devicemanager and/or the ancillary video camera, and storing the breathanalysis results in metadata of the recorded video. Third, embodimentspresent the breath analysis result of the breath analyzer bysuperimposing the result onto the video recorded by the ancillary videocameras and/or the integral video camera on the breath analyzer.

A first embodiment of the invention is directed to a system forauthenticating, preserving, and presenting breath analysis data. Thesystem comprises the breath analyzer, the recording device manager, theat least one ancillary video camera, and an auxiliary computing device(which may be housed with any of the aforementioned components or behoused in a separate housing).

A second embodiment of the invention is directed to the breath analyzer,which is adapted to authenticate the breath analysis procedure and theadministrator and to preserve breath analysis data by communicating theresult with a recording device manager. The breath analyzer is ahand-held device used by the administrator to perform the breathanalysis on the donor. The breath analyzer comprises a breath receptor,an analyzing element, at least one processing element, a communicationselement, a memory element, and a housing.

A third embodiment of the invention is directed to a non-transitorycomputer readable storage medium associated with or otherwise storedwithin the breath analyzer that has a computer program stored thereonthat instructs at least one processing element of the breath analyzer toperform the steps of a computerized method of authenticating the breathanalysis and preserving the breath analysis result. The computerizedmethod may also be directed to presenting the breath analysis result.

This summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in asimplified form that are further described below in the detaileddescription. This summary is not intended to identify key features oressential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended tobe used to limit the scope of the claimed subject matter. Other aspectsand advantages of the invention will be apparent from the followingdetailed description of the embodiments and the accompanying drawingfigures.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIGURES

Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below withreference to the attached drawing figures, wherein:

FIG. 1 is a system diagram illustrating the interactions of the variouscomponents of the system;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the breathanalyzer;

FIG. 3 is a front view of the first embodiment of the breath analyzer;

FIG. 4 is a side view of the first embodiment of the breath analyzer;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the components of the breath analyzer;

FIG. 6 is a front view of a second embodiment of the breath analyzerwith an integral video camera;

FIG. 7 is a side view of the second embodiment of the breath analyzer;

FIG. 8 is a top view of the second embodiment of the breath analyzer;

FIG. 9 is a flow diagram illustrating the steps of a method ofinteracting with the breath analyzer;

FIG. 10 is a flow diagram illustrating the steps of a first method ofauthenticating and preserving the breath analysis result;

FIG. 11 is a flow diagram illustrating the steps of a second method ofauthenticating and preserving the breath analysis result;

FIG. 12 is an exemplary video capture frame showing a breath analyzerstatus superimposed thereon;

FIG. 13 is another exemplary video capture frame showing a breathanalysis result superimposed thereon; and

FIG. 14 is a flow diagram illustrating the steps of a method ofpresenting the breath analysis result.

The drawing figures do not limit the invention to the specificembodiments disclosed and described herein. The drawings are notnecessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon clearlyillustrating the principles of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following detailed description references the accompanying drawingsthat illustrate specific embodiments in which the invention can bepracticed. The embodiments are intended to describe aspects of theinvention in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art topractice the invention. Other embodiments can be utilized and changescan be made without departing from the scope of the invention. Thefollowing detailed description is, therefore, not to be taken in alimiting sense. The scope of the invention is defined only by theappended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which suchclaims are entitled.

In this description, references to “one embodiment,” “an embodiment,” or“embodiments” mean that the feature or features being referred to areincluded in at least one embodiment of the technology. Separatereferences to “one embodiment,” “an embodiment,” or “embodiments” inthis description do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment and arealso not mutually exclusive unless so stated and/or except as will bereadily apparent to those skilled in the art from the description. Forexample, a feature, structure, act, etc. described in one embodiment mayalso be included in other embodiments, but is not necessarily included.Thus, the current technology can include a variety of combinationsand/or integrations of the embodiments described herein.

Turning to FIG. 1 , embodiments of the invention are directed to asystem 10 for authenticating, preserving, and presenting breath analysisdata. The system 10 comprises a breath analyzer 12, a recording devicemanager 14, at least one ancillary video camera 16, and an auxiliarycomputing device 18, which may include display, processing, and storagecapabilities. In some embodiments auxiliary computing device takes theform of a laptop computer in law enforcement vehicle 50. In otherembodiments it takes the form of a mobile device carried by lawenforcement officer 46. Other form factors for auxiliary computingdevice 18 are also contemplated. The system 10 authenticates that thebreath analysis was performed correctly by recording the breath analysiswith the at least one ancillary video camera 16, and in some embodimentsan integral video camera 20 in the breath analyzer 12. A donor 22provides a breath sample to the breath analyzer 12. The breath analyzer12 then sends an “analysis in progress” status 24 while it analyzes thebreath sample to determine a breath analysis result 26. The system 10then preserves the breath analysis result by transmitting the breathanalysis result to the recording device manager 14 for preservation atauxiliary computing device 18 and saving the breath analysis result asmetadata. The system 10 also presents the breath analysis result bysuperimposing data onto the video recording from the ancillary videocamera 16 and/or the integral video camera 20. In some embodiments, thebreath analysis is also displayed in real time on a display of one ormore computing devices such as auxiliary computing device 18. In somesuch embodiments, the breath analysis result is superimposed on videodisplayed from one or more video cameras such as ancillary video camera16. In other embodiments, it is displayed on a dedicated portion of adisplay screen. In still other embodiments it is displayed on adedicated display device such as a readout in law enforcement vehicle 50or a heads-up display (HUD) worn by law enforcement officer 46.

Other embodiments of the system 10 may comprise the breath analyzer 12,the recording device manager 14, and the auxiliary computing device 18.The breath analyzer 12 transmits the breath analysis result to therecording device manager 14, which stores the breath analysis result atauxiliary computing device 18 without any video or superimposing. Stillother embodiments of the system 10 may comprise the breath analyzer 12and the at least one ancillary video camera 16, in which the breathanalyzer 12 communicates directly with the ancillary video camera 16.

The system 10 of embodiments of the invention may comprise computingdevices to facilitate the functions and features described herein. Thecomputing devices may comprise any number and combination of processors,controllers, integrated circuits, programmable logic devices, or otherdata and signal processing devices for carrying out the functionsdescribed herein, and may additionally comprise one or more memorystorage devices, transmitters, receivers, displays, and/or communicationbusses for communicating with the various devices of the system 10.

Embodiments of the invention are also directed to the breath analyzer12. The breath analyzer 12 is a relatively small, hand held device forreceiving and analyzing a breath sample. The breath analyzer 12comprises a breath receptor 28, an analyzing element 30, a processingelement 32, a communications element 34, a memory element 36, and ahousing 38. The breath analyzer 12 may further comprise a battery, atleast one user input 40, at least one status indicator, a display 42, adata cable, and/or a power cable.

Embodiments of the invention are also directed to a method ofauthenticating, preserving, and presenting breath analysis data. Anadministrator 44 administers the breath analysis. The administrator 44may authenticate their identity with the breath analyzer 12 and/orrecording device manager 14. The administrator 44 may also authenticatethe breath analysis is performed correctly by directing at least oneancillary video camera 16 toward the location in which the breathanalysis will be performed. The administrator 44 directs the donor 22 toblow into the breath receptor 28 for a certain period of time. Theparticles expelled by the donor 22 are the breath sample. The analyzingelement 30 within the breath analyzer 12 detects and measures the levelof at least one chemical compound, such as alcohol or ethanol, in thebreath sample. The breath analyzer 12 then preserves the breath analysisresult data by transmitting information indicative of the breathanalysis result to the recording device manager 14. The breath analyzer12 may also display the result for the administrator 44 and donor 22 onone or more displays, as described above. The recording device manager14 associates the breath analysis data with the video being captured bythe ancillary video cameras 16. The breath analysis result may also bepresented by superimposing the breath analysis result onto the videobeing recorded.

It should be appreciated that while the current disclosure is largelydirected to the detection of alcohol impairment by law enforcement,other embodiments of the invention may be directed to other fields.Embodiments of the invention may be directed to the breath analysis anddetection of other substances, such as tobacco, marijuana, cocaine,amphetamines, opioids, MDMA, and other illicit substances. Embodimentsof the invention may additionally or in the alternative be directed toother purposes of breath analysis, such as vehicle interlock devices,parole/probation assessments, new/potential/periodic employeescreenings, impairment screenings for workers' compensation injuries,testing by alcohol servers, and self-testing.

Breath analysis is often used by a law enforcement officer 46 todetermine the level of intoxication of drivers on roadways. In thisscenario, the donor 22 is the driver suspected of operating a vehiclewhile intoxicated, and the administrator 44 is the law enforcementofficer 46 or officers administering the breath analysis. The result ofthe breath analysis may give the law enforcement office probable causeto arrest the driver. The result of the breath analysis may also bepresented in court as evidence of the driver's intoxication. However, insome states, the breath analysis results of “preliminary breath testers”(“PBTs”, i.e. the handheld devices carried by law enforcement officers46) are inadmissible at trial, because PBTs are not calibrated andtested as often as “evidentiary breath testers” which are usuallylocated at a central law enforcement facility. While the breath analysismay be less accurate than a direct blood or urine tests, breath analysisprovides the benefits of being non-invasive, simple to execute, and ableto provide quick results.

The donor 22 is the person whose breath is to be analyzed to estimatethe content of a certain substance in their blood. The donor 22 may be adriver suspected of driving while intoxicated, a potential employee, anemployee that has recently been injured on the job, a person on paroleor probation, a government benefits recipient, etc. The donor 22 mayrefuse to provide the breath sample, but this may have other legal andemployment consequences.

A portion of the alcohol, or other substances, that the donor 22 hasconsumed are expelled with each breath, because the alcohol was absorbedinto the blood stream via the donor's mouth, throat, stomach, intestine,etc. As the alcohol travels through the blood stream, it reaches thedonor's lungs. Because alcohol is volatile (i.e., it will evaporate froma liquid solution), a portion of the alcohol evaporates into the lungsand is expelled along with the air during exhalation. The concentrationof alcohol in the breath is related by a known formula to theconcentration of alcohol in the blood. The breath analyzer 12 thereforetests the breath sample of the donor 22 and calculates an estimation ofthe donor's blood alcohol concentration (“BAC”, also known as bloodalcohol content). The BAC is typically measured in the units ofgrams/100 mL. The current legal limit throughout the United States is0.08 grams/100 mL.

The administrator 44 oversees the breath analysis. The administrator 44may closely observe the donor 22 for a period of time before the breathanalysis. This is to ensure that the donor 22 does not have any alcoholin his mouth or throat, which can provide inaccurate test results. Theadministrator 44 may also direct the at least one ancillary cameras tothe area in which the breath analysis will take place, to provide aplurality of viewing angles of the breath analysis. For example, theremay be a vehicle-mounted 48 ancillary video camera 16 in a lawenforcement vehicle 50, a person-mounted 52 ancillary camera on theadministrator 44, and another person-mounted 52 ancillary video camera16 on an assistant administrator (e.g., another law enforcementofficer). The administrator 44 may also provide instructions to thedonor 22, such as how to blow into the breath analyzer 12 and for whatamount of time. The administrator 44 may also manipulate the breathanalyzer 12, such as by turning the breath analyzer 12 on. During thebreath analysis, the administrator 44 observes the donor 22 to ensureproper procedures are followed. If not, the administrator 44 may correctthe donor 22 and re-initiate the breath analysis.

The components of the breath analyzer 12 will now be discussed. Thebreath analyzer 12 comprises the breath receptor 28, the analyzingelement 30, at least one processing element 32, at least one memoryelement 36, the communications element 34, and the housing 38. Thebreath analyzer 12 may further comprise at least one user input 40, aproximity tag 54, a proximity tag reader 56, at least one statusindicator, the display 42, and/or a speaker. A schematic illustration ofthe components of the breath analyzer 12 can be found in FIG. 5 . Itshould be noted that FIG. 5 is not to scale and presents only aschematic illustration of the components.

The breath receptor 28 comprises a mouthpiece 58 and a sample chamber60. The mouthpiece 58 is a substantially hollow tube that is at leastpartially located on the exterior of the breath analyzer 12. Themouthpiece 58 is adapted to receive the donor's mouth and/or nosetherearound. As the donor 22 blows into the mouthpiece 58, themouthpiece 58 directs the flow of breath into the sample chamber 60. Thesample chamber 60 is an internal cavity or void in the breath analyzer12. The sample chamber 60 stores the breath sample for analysis by theanalyzing element 30, discussed below.

The breath receptor 28 may have a disposable cover (not illustrated).The disposable cover provides a hygienic covering to the breath receptor28 so that subsequent donors do not contact bodily fluids of previousdonors. The disposable cover is placed over the breath receptor 28 priorto the breath analysis and is then discarded after the breath analysis.

The analyzing element 30 estimates the concentration of alcohol, orother substance, in the blood by analyzing the concentration of alcoholin the breath sample. The analyzing element 30 comprises at least onevial, a set of photocells connected to a meter, and a processing unit tointerpret the results (not illustrated). The at least one vial istypically formed of glass or another transparent substance. The vial isfilled with a chemical compound. The chemical compound removes thealcohol from the air and reacts with the alcohol to change the color ofthe solution. The set of photocells detects the degree of color change,which is directly tied to the concentration of alcohol in the breathsample. The processing unit interprets the degree of color change, asdetected by the set of photocells, to calculate the breath analysisresult. The processing unit may be the processing element 32 of thebreath analyzer 12, or it may be separate and communicatively linked.

In another embodiment of the invention, the analyzing element 30utilizes infrared (IR) spectroscopy to estimate the concentration ofalcohol in the breath sample. IR spectroscopy estimates theconcentration of alcohol by emitting an IR beam through the samplechamber 60. The IR beam then passes through at least one filter specificto the wavelengths of the bonds of ethanol. A set of photocells detectsthe amount of IR light passing through the filter. The processing unitthen interprets the amount of IR light passing through the filter tocalculate the breath analysis result.

The breath analysis result may be displayed on the display 42 of thebreath analyzer 12 and/or transmitted to the recording device manager14, as discussed below. The breath analysis result may be retransmittedby recording device manager to one or more associated devices, such asauxiliary computing device 18, ancillary camera 16, law enforcementvehicle 50, or other component of the system. In alternativeembodiments, the breath analysis result is transmitted to the one ormore associated devices, such as auxiliary computing device 18,ancillary camera 16, law enforcement vehicle 50, or other component ofthe system, and without first being transmitted to the recording devicemanager. Once received by other components of the system, the breathanalysis result is used accordingly. For example, the breath analysisresult may be stored as metadata associated with the video recordingproduced by one or more cameras such as ancillary camera 16, displayedon a display of auxiliary computing device 18, a display in lawenforcement vehicle 50, or another auxiliary display (such as, forexample, a HUD or other body-mounted display worn by law enforcementofficer 46). The breath analyzer 12 may announce the breath analysisresult via the speaker, and/or give other indications that the breathanalysis is complete.

The at least one user input 40 of the breath analyzer 12 may includebuttons, knobs, switches, etc. for the input 40 of information by theadministrator 44. The user input 40 could include a power button, astart analysis button, a stop analysis button, a reset button, a displaytoggle button, etc. In the embodiment as shown in FIG. 1 , the powerbutton turns the device on and off. In some embodiments, there is nospecific start analysis button because the breath analyzer 12 begins thebreath analysis automatically upon the input 40 of the breath samplefrom the donor 22.

The communication element of the breath analyzer 12 transmitsinformation indicative of the breath analysis result to the recordingdevice manager 14. The communication element is communicatively linkedto the recording device manager 14, such that messages can be senttherebetween. In some embodiments, the communication element is alsocommunicatively coupled, either directly or indirectly, with one or moreother elements of the system. In addition to the breath analysis result,the breath analyzer 12 may transmit information indicative of a status62. The status 62 could include information such as breath analyzer 12power on, analysis start time, analysis stop time, current analyzingelement reading, analysis successful completion, error detected, errornot detected, location of the breath analyzer 12 (for breath analyzersequipped with a location element, discussed below), administratorinformation (based upon the proximity tag identifier discussed below),date of last breath analyzer testing, data of last breath analyzercalibration, ambient air temperature (as this can affect breath analysisresults), one or more identifiers (such as model number or serialnumber) associated with breath analyzer 12, etc. All of this informationcan be stored as metadata for video recorded by one or more videocameras such as ancillary video camera 16, or displayed in real time byone or ore displays associated with the system, such as that associatedwith auxiliary computing device 18.

The communications element 34 of the breath analyzer 12 may bewirelessly connected to the recording device manager 14. Thecommunications element 34 may alternatively or in addition be connectedvia a communications wire to the recording device manager 14 and/orancillary video camera 16. The communications element 34 transmits thebreath analysis result and/or status 62 substantially in real time (asdefined below).

The transmission of the breath analysis result to an external locationaids in authentication by reducing administrator error in reading theresult. The transmission of breath analysis also aids in preservation bystoring the data in more than one location. This reduces the likelihoodof a loss or destruction of the breath analysis result. The transmissionof the breath analysis result also aids in presentation by allowing thebreath analysis to be easily and reliably superimposed onto the videofrom the ancillary video cameras 16 and/or the integral video camera 20in the breath analyzer 12.

The breath analysis result may be stored in metadata of the recordedvideo data from the at least one ancillary video camera 16. Metadataassociates one set of data with another set of data. The metadata may beembedded in the captured video data, stored externally in a separatefile that is associated with the captured video data, otherwiseassociated with the captured video data, or all of the above. Embeddingthe breath analysis result into the same file with the captured videodata can be advantageous because it allows the metadata to travel aspart of the data it describes. In some such embodiments, metadata isassociated with a particular frame or frames of the video data. This isadvantageous where, for example, the same video file contains more thanone breath analysis. In other such embodiments, the metadata isassociated with the video file as a whole. Externally stored metadatamay also have advantages, such as ease of searching and indexing. Themetadata may also be stored in a human-readable format, such that a usercan access, understand, and edit the metadata without any specialsoftware.

For example, the breath analysis result could be stored in the metadataof the recorded video data of the ancillary video camera 16. A user cansubsequently superimpose the breath analysis result by accessing theassociated metadata with the recorded video data. The breath analysisresult may also have a timestamp that corresponds to the time in whichthe breath analysis result was communicated to the recording devicemanager 14. Other information such as the status 62 of the breathanalyzer 12 at a certain time may also be added to the metadata of therecorded video data. Some information stored in the metadata may berelatively static, such as a manufacturer name and model of the breathanalyzer 12, an identifier assigned to the specific breath analyzer 12by a law enforcement agency, a date of the last testing and/orcalibration of the breath analyzer 12, a name of the last person toperform the testing and/or calibration, etc. The user may alsoselectively superimpose the status and/or the relatively staticinformation over the recorded video data, as discussed below.

The housing 38 securely contains the analyzing element 30, thecommunications element 34, and at least a portion of the breath receptor28. The housing 38 is sized and adapted to fit into a human hand, suchthat the administrator 44 and/or the donor 22 can hold the breathanalyzer 12 during the breath analysis.

The housing 38 is generally a rounded rectangular prism. The housing 38comprises a main body 64 that presents a top wall 66, a bottom wall 68,a front wall 70, a back wall 72, and two sidewalls 74. The two sidewalls74 are substantially parallel to each other, and the front wall 70 andback wall 72 are substantially parallel to each other. The top wall 66and the bottom wall 68 may be substantially parallel, as illustrated inFIGS. 2-4 , or the top wall 66 may be at an angle, as illustrated inFIG. 6-7 . As illustrated, the transition between the various walls maybe rounded or arcuate. The rounded or arcuate transitions providecomfort to a person holding the breath analyzer 12. The main body 64 ofthe housing 38 could also be another shape, such as substantially acylinder, substantially an oval cylinder, substantially an ellipsoid, orsubstantially a sphere.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 6 , the mouthpiece 58 of the breath receptor 28may be located on the front wall 70 of the housing 38. The mouthpiece 58may comprise a void 76 or opening into which a disposable mouthpiececover may be inserted (not illustrated). In other embodiments, the donor22 exhales directly into the mouthpiece 58 without the use of adisposable mouthpiece cover.

In embodiments of the invention as illustrated in FIGS. 6-8 , thehousing 38 may secure the integral video camera 20. The integral videocamera 20 records high definition video and pictures of the donor 22 asthe breath analysis is being performed. As shown in FIG. 6 , theintegral video camera 20 may be recessed (i.e., located near the backwall 72) and oriented in a front-facing direction or a diagonallyfront-upward-facing direction, such that it can observe the donor 22 asthe breath analysis is performed. Were the integral video camera 20placed nearer the front wall 70, the integral video camera 20 may be tooclose to the donor 22 to capture clear video data. The integral videocamera 20 may be activated by the power button, such that the integralvideo camera 20 is continuously recording while the breath analyzer 12is powered on. The integral video camera 20 may alternatively beactivated by the donor 22 breathing into the breath receptor 28, or by arecord start input button. It will be immediate to a person of skill inthe art that any functionality described herein with respect to integralvideo camera 20 is also applicable to ancillary video camera 16, andvice-versa.

Embodiments of the breath analyzer 12 further comprise a locationelement, such as a GPS receiver (not illustrated). The location elementdetermines and records the GPS location of the breath analyzer 12 duringthe breath analysis. The location element transmits informationindicative of the location to the processing element 32. The locationinformation may then be stored on the memory element 36 of the breathanalyzer 12 and/or be transmitted to the recording device manager 14 viathe communications element 34. The location element may also determineand record the time of the breath analysis. This information can, likethe breath analysis result and other data, be further saved as videometadata, as described above. The location information and timeinformation provide further authentication to the breath analysisresult. For example, a criminal defendant would have more difficultyconvincing a judge or jury that the breath analysis result wasmishandled or confused if the breath analysis result is digitally saved,along with the time and location of the breath analysis that match thetime and location of the vehicle stop.

The recording device manager 14 will now be discussed, as illustrated inFIG. 1 . The recording device manager 14, such as a Digital Ally®VuLink®, controls and synchronizes various recording devices. Forexample, the recording device manager 14 links (via wirelesscommunication, wired communication, or both) to the breath analyzer 12,a person-mounted 52 video camera on the law enforcement officer 46,another person-mounted 52 video camera on a second law enforcementofficer, a vehicle-mounted 48 video camera in the law enforcementvehicle 50 oriented to observe events external to the law enforcementvehicle 50, a vehicle-mounted 48 video camera in the law enforcementvehicle 50 oriented to observe events internal to the law enforcementvehicle 50, and/or the auxiliary computing device 18 (referred togenerically or individually as “the various recording devices”). Therecording device manager 14 detects when one video camera beginsrecording, and then instructs all other associated devices to beginrecording. The recording device manager 14 may also send informationindicative of a time stamp to the various recording devices forcorroborating the recorded data.

For example, the recording device manager 14 may instruct all associatedvideo cameras to begin recording upon the receipt of a signal from thebreath analyzer 12 that the breath analysis has begun. This ensures thatmultiple video cameras record the breath analysis, for futureauthentication that the breath analysis was performed correctly. Therecording device manager 14 may also send a time stamp to all theassociated video cameras to provide a corroboration of the variousrecorded data. Further, the recording device manager 14 may sendinformation indicative of the breath analysis result to each of thevideo cameras to associate with the recorded video in metadata, toassist in the preservation of the breath analysis result andpresentation of the breath analysis result superimposed on the recordedvideo, and to one or more displays in real time as discussed above toprovide quick access to the result to law enforcement personnel.

The recording device manager 14 comprises a processing element, acommunications element, and a memory element (not illustrated). Theprocessing element detects the presence of the various recordingdevices. The processing element receives signals from and generatessignals to the various recording devices via the communications element34.

An exemplary flow diagram of the interactions between the breathanalyzer 12, the recording device manager 14, and the video cameras isillustrated in FIG. 9 . The recording device manager 14 begins byattempting to detect the breath analyzer 12, as shown in Step 900. Upondetection, the recording device manager 14 associates the breathanalyzer 12 with the other various recording devices by pairing therespective devices, as shown in Step 902. The recording device manager14 detects if the breath analyzer 12 is active at Step 904. If not, therecording device manager 14 continues to detect the activity of thebreath analyzer 12. Upon detecting activity by the breath analyzer 12,the recording device manager 14 instructs the other various recordingdevices to begin recording if they are not already recording, as shownin Step 906. The recording device manager 14 then detects, at Step 908,whether the breath analyzer 12 has completed the breath analysis. Ifnot, the recording device manager 14 instructs the other variousrecording devices to associate an “analysis in progress” status 24, 62with the recorded video, as shown in Step 910. Upon the detection thatthe breath analysis is complete at Step 912, the recording devicemanager 14 instructs the other various recording devices to associatethe breath analysis result with the recorded video. The recording devicemanager 14 also saves the breath analysis result to metadata, as shownin Step 914.

Some embodiments of the invention comprise a proximity tag system forauthenticating the devices, cameras, and administrators associated withthe breath analysis. The proximity tag system comprises a plurality ofproximity tags 54 and at least one proximity tag reader 56. Proximitytags are any devices that radiate an identifying signal, herein referredto as the proximity tag identifier, that can be read by a correspondingreader such as the proximity tag reader 56. Proximity tags can be active(meaning that they periodically broadcast their identifier), assistedpassive (meaning that they broadcast their identifier only wheninterrogated by a signal from the reader), or passive (meaning that theyhave no power source and must be illuminated by a signal from theproximity tag reader 56 in order to radiate their identifier). Otherforms of proximity tags are also possible. Proximity tag identifier maybe preprogrammed into proximity tags, or may be field-programmable, suchthat the identifier is assigned by the user When the proximity tag 54 isdeployed. One common form of proximity tag system is the radio-frequencyidentification (RFID) tag and the corresponding RFID reader. Anotherform of proximity tag system utilizes a challenge-response protocol toavoid the spoofing of a proximity tag identifier.

The proximity tag reader 56 receives the proximity tag identifierstransmitted by proximity tag 54. As depicted, proximity tag reader isintegrated into breath analyzer 12, and proximity tag identifiers arethen communicated by communications element 34 to the other componentsof the system. In other embodiments, breath analyzer 12 may instead (orin addition) contain a proximity tag, which is read by another proximitytag reader located in another component of the system such as recordingdevice manager 14. Depending on the type of proximity tag 54, adifferent type of reader may be required to receive the proximity tagidentifiers. For example, an active reader is required to read passivetags. In some embodiments, the proximity tag reader 56 can determine thedistance to the transmitting tag based on signal strength or otherinformation. In some embodiments, multiple proximity tag readers arepresent. In some such implementations, positional information about thetag can be determined based on a relative signal strength at eachreader.

The law enforcement officer 46 uses a proximity tag 54 that contains aproximity tag indicator specific to that law enforcement officer 46 toauthenticate the name, unit, and/or status of the specific lawenforcement officer 46 using the recording device manager 14 and/or thebreath analyzer 12. The proximity tag 54 may be located within aproximity card held by the officer, within the badge worn by theofficer, on a watch or a belt worn by the officer, etc. There may alsobe a proximity tag 54 in the breath analyzer 12 and/or the ancillaryvideo cameras 16. The proximity tag reader 56 reduces work to beperformed at a later time to associate the recorded video data andbreath analysis result with the specific law enforcement officer 46.

Some embodiments of the invention comprise the auxiliary computingdevice 18 that is associated with the recording device manager 14. Theauxiliary computing device 18 records the video data and statuses of theancillary video cameras 16, the breath analysis results and status 62from the breath analyzer 12, etc. For example, the auxiliary computingdevice 18 could be a laptop computer within the law enforcement vehicle50, as illustrated in FIG. 1 . As another example, the auxiliarycomputing device 18 could be a digital video recorder that is astand-alone device located within the law enforcement vehicle 50 andassociated with the recording device manager. As yet another example,the auxiliary computing device 18 is within and associated with therecording device manager 14. In other embodiments, the auxiliarycomputing device 18 is within and associated with the ancillary videocameras 16. As such, the ancillary video cameras 16 each record theirvideo data on their own internal memory elements with associatedmetadata such as the breath analysis result. In still other embodiments,the system 10 uses a combination of the above-mentioned recordingmethods for redundant data storage and/or to allow different types ofdevices to store data in different ways.

In embodiments, the breath analysis result is saved to metadataassociated with the video at a specific time stamp or time stamps. Then,during the preparation for a hearing, the breath analysis result can beselectively superimposed on the video by a user. The breath analysisresult may be automatically superimposed on the video by default, andpresent the user with the option to remove the breath analysis resultfrom the video. In some jurisdictions, the breath analysis result may beinadmissible in court, or may only be admissible for certain purposes(such as the establishment of probable cause for the arrest, but not asevidence of intoxication). For this reason, the user may desire to havethe breath analysis result superimposed, to not have the breath analysissuperimposed, or to have two separate videos (one superimposed, theother not). Saving the breath analysis result to metadata provides thisbenefit. In other embodiments, the breath analysis result is directlyand permanently superimposed on the video.

Various methods of embodiments of the invention will now be discussed. Anon-transitory computer readable storage medium having a computerprogram stored thereon may instruct the at least one processing elementto implement the steps of at least one of the described methods. Thenon-transitory computer readable storage medium may be located withinthe housing 38 of the breath analyzer 12, within the recording devicemanager 14, within the auxiliary computing device 18, within the atleast one ancillary video camera 16, within a computing device securedwithin the law enforcement vehicle 50, and/or within a generic computingdevice.

A method of authenticating and preserving breath analysis results isillustrated in FIG. 10 . In Step 1000, the breath analyzer 12 isassociated with the recording device manager 14. In Step 1002, at leastone ancillary video camera 16 is associated with the recording devicemanager 14. In Step 1004, the recording device manager 14 receivesinformation indicative that the breath analyzer 12 is active. Therecording device manager 14 then instructs the at least one ancillaryvideo camera 16 to begin recording (if it is not already) in Step 1006.The recording device manager 14 in Step 1008 also instructs the at leastone ancillary video camera 16 to associate an “analysis in progress”status 24, 62 with the video being recorded. At this step, additionalinformation may also be associated with the video being recorded. Suchinformation can include information relating to the breath analyzer (asdiscussed above), information relating to the scene (such as anyproximity tags detected by proximity tag reader 56), or otherinformation (such as the identities of any other ancillary or integratedvideo cameras currently recording the scene). In Step 1010, therecording device manager 14 receives information indicative that thebreath analysis is complete. In Step 1012, the recording device manager14 receives information indicative of the breath analysis result. Then,the recording device manager 14 instructs the at least one ancillaryvideo camera 16 to associate the breath analysis result with the videobeing recorded in Step 1014. In some embodiments, the breath analysis isadditionally communicated to one or more other components of the systemfor processing, storage, or display. The recording device manager alsosaves the breath analysis result to metadata in Step 1016. Someembodiments of the method of authenticating and preserving breathanalysis data further comprise the following steps: receivinginformation indicative of a proximity tag identifier of a proximity tag54 being within the range of the proximity tag reader 56; associatingproximity tag identifier with the video data being recording; andassociating the proximity tag identifier with the breath analysisresults.

Another method of authenticating and preserving breath analysis resultsis illustrated in FIG. 11 . The breath analyzer 12 sends a set ofinformation indicative of the breath analyzer 12 in Step 1100. Thebreath analyzer 12 also receives information indicative of a recordingdevice manager 14 in Step 1102. The breath analyzer 12 then receivesinformation indicative of the breath sample being supplied to the breathreceptor 28 in Step 1104. The breath analyzer 12 then, in Step 1106,instructs the analyzing element 30 to analyze the breath sample. Thebreath analyzer 12 then sends to the recording device manager 14 a setof information indicative that the analyzing element 30 has begunanalyzing in Step 1108. The breath analyzer 12 receives informationindicative of the analyzing element 30 completing the breath analysis inStep 1110. Then, in Step 1112, the breath analyzer 12 sends, to therecording device manager 14, a set of information indicative that thebreath analysis is complete. In Step 1114, the breath analyzer 12receives, from the analyzing element 30, a breath analysis result.Finally, in Step 1114, the breath analyzer 12 sends, to the recordingdevice manager 14, information indicative of the breath analysis result.Some embodiments further comprise the step of storing the breathanalysis result in the memory element 36 and/or displaying it on one ormore local or remote displays. Some embodiments further comprise thesteps of receiving, from the recording device manager 14, informationindicative of the time and/or location; and associating the informationindicative of the time and/or location with the breath analysis results.Some embodiments further comprise the following steps: receivinginformation indicative of a proximity tag identifier from the recordingdevice manager 14; associating the proximity tag identifier with thebreath analysis results.

Two exemplary presentations of the breath analysis data are illustratedin FIGS. 12 and 13 . A method of presenting breath analysis results isillustrated in FIG. 14 . The steps comprise obtaining a video recordingfrom an ancillary video camera 16, in Step 1400; obtaining informationindicative of the breath analysis result from the metadata associatedwith a video recording, in Step 1402; superimposing the breath analysisresult onto a plurality of frames of the video recording, such that thebreath analysis result is superimposed on frames of the video recordingat a time approximately the same as, and for a certain period of timefollowing, the time in which the recording device manager 14 receivedthe information indicative of the breath analysis result, in Step 1404;and displaying the video recording with the breath analysis resultsuperimposed on the plurality of frames, in Step 1406. Other embodimentsof the method comprise the steps of obtaining information indicative ofthe status 62 of the breath analyzer 12 from the metadata associatedwith the video recording; superimposing the status 62 of the breathanalyzer 12 onto the video recording; and synchronizing thesuperimposition such that the status 62 of the breath analyzer 12 isdisplayed at the time corresponding with the status 62. Otherembodiments of the method comprise the steps of obtaining informationindicative of the administrator 44 from the metadata associated with thevideo recording; and superimposing the information indicative of theadministrator 44 onto the video recording. The superimposed informationmay change with subsequent frames of the video recording. For example, aseries of frames may show the “analysis in progress” reading 24 (asillustrated in FIG. 12 ) followed by a series of frames showing thebreath analysis result (as illustrated in FIG. 13 ). It will beimmediately apparent to a person of skill in the art that any of theinformation gathered by or stored in the system can be superimposed on,or associated as metadata with, the video recording. Information can bedisplayed individually, in combination, alternation, or simultaneously.

The computer program of embodiments of the invention comprises aplurality of code segments executable by a computing device forperforming the steps of various methods of the invention. The steps ofthe method may be performed in the order discussed, or they may beperformed in a different order, unless otherwise expressly stated.Furthermore, some steps may be performed concurrently as opposed tosequentially. Also, some steps may be optional. The computer program mayalso execute additional steps not described herein. The computerprogram, system 10, and method of embodiments of the invention may beimplemented in hardware, software, firmware, or combinations thereof,which broadly comprises server devices, computing devices, and acommunications network.

The computer program of embodiments of the invention may be responsiveto user input. As defined herein user input may be received from avariety of computing devices including but not limited to the following:desktops, laptops, calculators, telephones, smartphones, smart watches,in-car computers, camera systems, or tablets. The computing devices mayreceive user input from a variety of sources including but not limitedto the following: keyboards, keypads, mice, trackpads, trackballs,pen-input devices, printers, scanners, facsimile, touchscreens, networktransmissions, verbal/vocal commands, gestures, button presses or thelike.

The server devices and computing devices may include any device,component, or equipment with a processing element and associated memoryelements. The processing element may implement operating systems, andmay be capable of executing the computer program, which is alsogenerally known as instructions, commands, software code, executables,applications (“apps”), and the like. The processing element may includeprocessors, microprocessors, microcontrollers, field programmable gatearrays, and the like, or combinations thereof. The memory elements maybe capable of storing or retaining the computer program and may alsostore data, typically binary data, including text, databases, graphics,audio, video, combinations thereof, and the like. The memory elementsmay also be known as a “computer-readable storage medium” and mayinclude random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), flash drivememory, floppy disks, hard disk drives, optical storage media such ascompact discs (CDs or CDROMs), digital video disc (DVD), and the like,or combinations thereof. In addition to these memory elements, theserver devices may further include file stores comprising a plurality ofhard disk drives, network attached storage, or a separate storagenetwork.

The computing devices may specifically include mobile communicationdevices (including wireless devices), work stations, desktop computers,laptop computers, palmtop computers, tablet computers, portable digitalassistants (PDA), smart phones, and the like, or combinations thereof.Various embodiments of the computing device may also include voicecommunication devices, such as cell phones and/or smart phones. Inpreferred embodiments, the computing device will have an electronicdisplay operable to display visual graphics, images, text, etc. Incertain embodiments, the computer program facilitates interaction andcommunication through a graphical user interface (GUI) that is displayedvia the electronic display. The GUI enables the user to interact withthe electronic display by touching or pointing at display areas toprovide information to the system 10.

The communications network may be wired or wireless and may includeservers, routers, switches, wireless receivers and transmitters, and thelike, as well as electrically conductive cables or optical cables. Thecommunications network may also include local, metro, or wide areanetworks, as well as the Internet, or other cloud networks. Furthermore,the communications network may include cellular or mobile phonenetworks, as well as landline phone networks, public switched telephonenetworks, fiber optic networks, or the like.

The computer program may run on computing devices or, alternatively, mayrun on one or more server devices. In certain embodiments of theinvention, the computer program may be embodied in a stand-alonecomputer program (i.e., an “app”) downloaded on a user's computingdevice or in a web-accessible program that is accessible by the user'scomputing device via the communications network. As used herein, thestand-along computer program or web-accessible program provides userswith access to an electronic resource from which the users can interactwith various embodiments of the invention.

Execution of the computer program of embodiments of the inventionperforms steps of the method of embodiments of the invention. Becausemultiple users may be updating information stored, displayed, and actedupon by the computer program, information displayed by the computerprogram is displayed in real-time. “Real-time” as defined herein is whenthe processing element of the system 10 performs the steps less thanevery 1 second, every 500 milliseconds, every 100 milliseconds, or every16 milliseconds.

The law enforcement field is growing more dependent on recording devicessuch as cameras and audio recorders to preserve evidence. Officers nowuse dash-cams, hidden cameras, and personal recording devices worn bythe officers to obtain crucial video and audio data recordings. However,managing these devices and corroborating the recorded data remainsdifficult and problematic. For example, recording devices often usedifferent cues to start recording, or require manual operation, whichcan result in the devices failing to record at a crucial time. Manuallymanaging recording devices can be distracting to the officer, which isparticularly undesirable in dangerous situations. Another problem isthat in a court of law, evidence is bolstered if corroborated orotherwise forensically verifiable, but multiple recordings may bedifficult to corroborate based solely on their content. Additionally,correlating and organizing evidence is time consuming and increases theworkload of often understaffed law enforcement departments.

Turning to the figures, and particularly FIG. 1 , a first embodiment ofa multiple recording device management system (hereinafter “managementsystem”) is described, which includes an intermediate multiple recordingdevice managing apparatus (hereinafter “recording device manager” or“manager”), a vehicle recording device mounted in a police vehicle andcommunicatively coupled (i.e., synced) to the recording device manager,and a personal recording device carried by a police officer andwirelessly synced to the recording device manager. The recording devicemanager is operable to detect when the vehicle recording device,personal recording device, or any other synced device in range hasstarted recording and to broadcast or transmit a signal to any syncedrecording device in range instructing recording by the respectivedevice. The recording device manager also may generate time stamps andunique serial numbers for a data recording, and create or collectmetadata and transmit such time stamps, unique serial number, andmetadata to the recording devices, for corroborating the recorded data.For illustrative purposes, the management system includes the vehiclerecording device and the personal recording device, but it will beunderstood that duplicate or additional devices, such as audiorecorders, thermal imagers, security cameras, radios, seismic sensors,radar and LIDAR scanners, and chemical analyzers, can be synced to therecording device manager. Moreover, multiple personal recording devicescan be synced with the manager, as described below.

In one embodiment, power is supplied to the components of the videosystem 100 from the vehicle. Some embodiments may have a weatherproofedpower button exposed on the housing. The power provided is heavilyfiltered and regulated to avoid interference. The video system, usingthe particular components described herein, may require 4 amps from a 10V to 24 V DC power supply. The video system may include a cable that isconfigured to plug into the power input connector of the console housingand into a standard vehicle power jack, such as a “cigarette lighter”type power jack. It should be noted that the illustrated embodiment ofthe invention does not include an internal power source. However, someembodiments of the system may include an internal power source, such asa battery. Additionally, the system may be provided with a “stealth”mode in which the camera 130,220 and the microphone are active andrecording, but the lights and indicators, such as the one or more LEDs190, are turned off, thereby making the system appear to be dormant.Furthermore, the system may provide “pre-event” recording in which thesystem records constantly in a loop of a selected duration of time, suchas thirty seconds or sixty seconds, so that when an event triggersrecording, the events occurring shortly prior to the initiation ofrecording are also recorded and stored.

Turning to the figures, and particularly FIG. 1 , an embodiment of thepresent invention is a digital video recording system broadly comprisinga camera component, a recording component, and a mounting assembly. Thedigital video recording system is portable and relatively small, suchthat the system can be easily carried by a user on the user's body, aclothing article of the user, a device carried by the user, such as afirearm, or in a vehicle. The system is unobtrusive and lightweight soas to not interfere with routine activity by the user. Moreover, themounting assembly of the system for mounting on the user's body orclothing article of the user provides a secure mount that will notbecome dislodged, even under active movement by the user.

An exemplary scenario of the management system in use is now describedfor illustrative purposes. The management system may be used by thepolice officer to record video data during a traffic stop. The recordingdevice manager may be mounted near the vehicle recording device, such ason the windshield of the police vehicle. Alternatively, the recordingdevice manager may be mounted anywhere within the police vehicle thatallows for the recording device manager to communicate (either via awired or wireless connection) with the vehicle recording device or arecording device manager (not shown). In exemplary embodiments, thevehicle recording device is aimed forwards to record the traffic stop,and the personal recording device is mounted to the police officer'sperson or is otherwise carried by the police officer, such as on alanyard.

Although the invention has been described with reference to theembodiments illustrated in the attached drawing figures, it is notedthat equivalents may be employed and substitutions made herein withoutdeparting from the scope of the invention as recited in the claims.

Having thus described various embodiments of the invention, what is claimed as new and desired to be protected by Letters Patent includes the following:
 1. A system for administering a breath analysis to a donor, the system comprising: at least one video recorder including an input for capturing video data, a video recorder processor, and a video recorder transmitter, and a memory; a recording device manager communicatively coupled with the at least one video recorder, said recording device manager including a receiver for receiving one or more signals, and a recording device manager processor; a breath analyzer communicatively coupled with the recording device manager, said breath analyzer including a transmitter for transmitting one or more signals and a breath analyzer processor; and at least one non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed by one or more of the video recorder processor, recording device manager processor, and breath analyzer processor, cause the one or more processors to perform the following steps: performing, by the breath analyzer, a breath analysis of the donor; obtaining, by the breath analyzer, the breath analysis result; receiving, by the recording device manager and from the breath analyzer, an in-progress indication indicating that the breath analysis of the donor is in progress; obtaining peripheral device identification information from peripheral recording devices based on the in-progress indication; obtaining the video data collected by the at least one video recorder, during the breath analysis of the donor; receiving, by the recording device manager and from the breath analyzer, the breath analysis result; and storing the breath analysis result, the in-progress indication, and the peripheral device identification information with the video data.
 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one video recorder is configured for mounting on a person's body or article of clothing worn by the person.
 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the breath analyzer includes a global positioning system (GPS) receiver for determining a location of the breath analyzer.
 4. The system of claim 1, wherein said at least one non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions causes the one or more processors, upon execution, to perform the following step: transmitting, by the recording device manager to one or more other video recorders, the breath analysis result.
 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the step of storing the breath analysis result with the video data includes the step of including the breath analysis result in metadata for the video data.
 6. The system of claim 1, wherein said at least one non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions causes the one or more processors, upon execution, to perform the following step: transmitting to an auxiliary computer the video data and the breath analysis result.
 7. The system of claim 6, wherein said at least one non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions causes the one or more processors, upon execution, to perform the following steps: receiving, by the recording device manager and from the breath analyzer, a status of the breath analyzer; and associating the status of the breath analyzer with the preserved video data, wherein the status of the breath analyzer is selected from the group consisting of: the breath analyzer power on, breath analysis start time, breath analysis stop time, detection of an error associated with the breath analyzer, and location of the breath analyzer.
 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the breath analyzer includes a breath analyzer housing and a video camera housed in the breath analyzer housing.
 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one video recorder is configured to be mounted in a vehicle.
 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one video recorder is a first video recorder, the input is a first input for capturing first video data, the video recorder processor is a first video recorder processor, the video recorder transmitter is a first video recorder transmitter, and the memory is a first memory for storing the captured first video data, wherein a first signal is transmitted by the recording device manager, upon receipt of information indicative of a start of the breath analysis by the recording device manager, to the first video recorder to preserve the video data, wherein the preserved video data is a first preserved video data, said system further including a second video recorder including a second input for capturing second video data, a second video recorder processor, a second video recorder transmitter, and a second memory for storing the captured second video data, and wherein said at least one non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions causes the one or more processors, upon execution, to perform the following steps: in response to receiving the information indicative of a start of the breath analysis, transmitting, by the recording device manager and to the second video recorder, a second signal causing the second video recorder to preserve the second video data captured by the second video recorder during the breath analysis of the donor; and associating the breath analysis result with the preserved second video data.
 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the first video recorder processor and the second video recorder processor are programmed to implement pre-event recording.
 12. The system of claim 11, wherein the recording device manager includes a recording device manager housing, wherein the first video recorder includes a first video recorder housing, and wherein the second video recorder includes a second video recorder housing, each of said recording device manager housing, said first video recorder housing, and said second video recorder housing being distinct and separate housings. 